Synthesis and characterization of polysiphonia/cerium oxide/nickel oxide nanocomposites for the removal of toxins from contaminated water and antibacterial potential
Due to massive industrial development, organic and inorganic wastes are very common in most industrial efuents from the pharmaceutical industry. Even in low concentrations, they are very dangerous and harmful to humans and other living organisms. Antibiotics are frequently detected in surface waters, in soil, in wastewater from sewage treatment plants, and even in drinking water. The major environmental threat they pose has prompted to search for efective and environmentally friendly means of eliminating these toxins. The biogenic synthesis of nanomaterials using natural herbal extracts has attracted considerable attention due to their low-cost, environmentally friendly and non-toxic nature, and as a reversal of various physical and chemical processes. The ceria nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs), nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs), and CeO2/NiO nanocomposites (CeO2/NiO NCS) were successfully prepared by simple biosynthetic routes using Polysiphonia urceolata algae extract as green surfactants and tested for toxic ofoxacin removal efciency. The formed nanostructures were identifed and characterized by various microscopic (FESEM-EDX, TEM, XRD, BET, and XPS) and spectroscopic (UV–Vis, FTIR, and TGA) methods. The adsorption/desorption of ofoxacin (OFX) on the surface of the nanomaterials was investigated under optimized conditions (initial dose 20 mg/L, agitation speed 250 rpm, pH 12, adsorbent dose 0.5 mg/L, and contact time 120 min). The removal efciencies were 78%, 86%, and 94% for CeO2 NPs, NiO NPs and CeO2/NiO NCS, respectively, where OFX removal was found to be spontaneous, followed by Freundlich isotherm and pseudo-second order kinetic reaction model. The OFX adsorption mechanism on the nanomaterials involved the surface complexation via specifc electrostatic attraction and H-bonding. The biogenic nanomaterials were also tested for their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus. The CeO2/NiO NCS exhibited the highest antibacterial activity with zone of inhibition (31.12±0.59 mm) against S. epidermidis, followed by CeO2NPs and NiONPs with zones of inhibition (25.53±1.2 mm) and (21.42±0.6 mm) against P. aeruginosa and S. epidermidis, respectively. This study demonstrated the efciency of the synthesized nanomaterials in removing toxins such as OFX from contaminated water and can serve as potential antibacterial and antioxidant agents. Notably, the heterogeneous nanomaterials demonstrated remarkable stability across a broad pH range, promising reusability and indicated tremendous potential of waste biomass reduction and OFX efuent treatment.
Due to massive industrial development, organic and inorganic wastes are very common in most industrial efuents from the pharmaceutical industry. Even in low concentrations, they are very dangerous…
Recently, carbon dots (CDs) have been extensively investigated as potential tools for numerous applications. Modified lignin-based CDs have been synthesized and used in the field of drug detection…
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