Mitigation of shoot tip necrosis in Pisonia grandis R. Br. through modified concentrations of calcium chloride in nutrient medium
Successful development of plantlets in micropropagation of tree species is impeded by the shoot tip necrosis (STN), as it hinders the normal activity of the apical and axillary meristems. In the present study, cultures of Pisonia grandis were established using preoptimized plant growth regulators. Axillary buds were regenerated from nodal explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium augmented with 2.0 mg L−1 Thidiazuron (TDZ), and the shoots were multiplied on 1.0 mg L−1 TDZ and 0.5 mg L−1 α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Shoot tip necrosis has been noticed in the cultures of P. grandis, the main preventive factor in in vitro shoot proliferation in P. grandis. The onset of shoot necrosis commenced with the yellowing of upper leaves subsequent to scorching. These leaves exhibited structural deterioration, manifesting in disintegration of cell walls within the dermal, ground, and vascular tissues, ultimately culminating in the demise of entire shoot. Therefore, the effects of the varied concentrations of calcium chloride (CaCl2) on the morpho-structural growth and development and alleviation of STN in vitro in P. grandis were investigated. Among the different concentrations of CaCl2 that have been examined to mitigate the occurrence of STN, the addition of 3.52 mg L−1 of CaCl2 in the medium completely alleviated STN in cultures, and improved length of shoots, biomass, and leaf area, evidenced by the qualitative and quantitative tissue system developments in leaves. This study shall find immense practical applicability in the micropropagation of tree species.
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Successful development of plantlets in micropropagation of tree species is impeded by the shoot tip necrosis (STN), as it hinders the normal activity of the apical and axillary meristems. In the…