Psiadia punctulata (DC.) Vatke induces cell apoptosis in highly metastatic MDA-MB-231 cells

Journal Article

2022

Published in: http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tjpr.v21i4.13

Purpose: This study assessed the in vitro cell migration inhibitory and cell apoptotic effects of P.
punctulata stem (PPS (and leaf hexane) PPL (extracts on breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and
MCF-7 cells).
Methods: Cytotoxicity was quantified using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide
(MTT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LD) release test after 48 h exposure of MDA-MB-231 cells to 0 –
200 μg/mL of PPS and PPL hexane extract. Cell apoptosis was determined using Muse™ cell
cytometry, while the phytoconstituents of PPS and PPL hexane extracts were identified by gas
chromatography–mass spectrometry.
Results: The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for PPS and PPL hexane extracts against
MDA-MB-231 cells was 44.33 and 52.16 μg/mL, respectively. T, whereas the IC50 of PPS and PPL
hexane extracts was 102.22 and 59.53 μg/mL against MCF-7 cells, sequentially. Treatment with 100
and 200 μg/mL of PPS and PPL hexane extract increased late apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells to
16.005 ± 1.155 and 52.58 ± 3.02 %, respectively, for PPS hexane extract and 77.34 ± 0 % and 95.21 ±
1.61 %, respectively, for PPL hexane extract, when compared to control cells (3.81% ± 0.79%). PPL
hexane extract decreased cell migration and filled ~15.5 % of the wound gap on MDA-MB-231 cells
after 24 h, while PPS hexane extract decreased cell migration by ~35 and ~42.5 % at 24 and 48 h,
respectively. PPS and PPL hexane extracts contained several phytocompounds. Stem and leaf extracts
of P. punctulata showed significant (p < 0.05) cell apoptotic and migration inhibition activities.
Conclusion: The extracts P. punctulata exhibit potent cytotoxic activity against the tested breast cancer
cells. Further research is required to assess the acute and subacute toxicity of the extracts.

• Volume Number: 21
• Magazine \ Newspaper: Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research
• Pages: 769-777