Therapeutic Role of Tannins in Breast Cancer
Tannins are polyphenols found in many medicinal plants and are subdivided into hydrolysable and condensed tannins. Examples of the former group are elagitannins and gallotannins, while the latter group is represented by procyanidin A2 and B2, which consist of oligomers or polymers of the flavan-3-ols catechin, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate etc. Tannins exhibit several bioactivities including anticancer activity via inhibition of metastasis, angiogenesis, invasion, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Breast cancer is one of the leading cancers in women. Tannins exert their anti-breast-cancer activity via multiple mechanisms including inhibition of fatty acid synthase, apoptosis induction of breast cancer cells, inhibition of aromatase and estrogen receptors synthesis, human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2) apoptosis, anti-angiogenesis effects via VEGFR-2 signaling pathway, inhibition of TNF-ᾳ and suppression of NF-ⱪB pathway. Regulation and mediation of all mentioned pathways contribute toward an effective anti-breast-cancer therapy. Overall, in light of the above findings, tannin following multiple pathways deals with the worst consequences of breast cancer and due to its therapeutic potential in cancer therapy can be used as an effective candidate for breast cancer treatment.
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Tannins are polyphenols found in many medicinal plants and are subdivided into hydrolysable and condensed tannins.