Estimating Virtual Water Trade in Crops for Saudi Arabia
, Yosef Alamri, Reed Michael . 2019
Using the concept of virtual water introduced by Allan 1994 and developed by Hoekstra and Hung (2002), we estimate virtual water trade for 20 crops of Saudi Arabia during 2000-2016. Our result shows the average virtual water trade was 12.6 billion m 3 /year. Saudi had net virtual water imports, with the most significant virtual water import for cereals & alfalfa and vegetable; and there is a virtual water export of fruit. Saudi virtual water trade reduced pressure on water resources by 54%. Distance plays a role in Saudi virtual water export; we found that more than 90% of exports go to neighboring countries, including 45% to GCC countries. On the other hand, more than 40% of virtual water imports came from Asia.
In this research, we used a gravity model to investigate whether water scarcity variables influence agricultural trade of cereal crops for Saudi Arabia. We compare the OLS, Fixed effects, Random…
The primary purpose of this paper is comparing six common models, which were linear, quadratic, Cobb-Douglas, translog, logarithmic, and transcendental, to estimate the supply and demand functions…
Using the concept of virtual water introduced by Allan 1994 and developed by Hoekstra and Hung (2002), we estimate virtual water trade for 20 crops of Saudi Arabia during 2000-2016. Our result…