ER = EPR and non-perturbative action integrals for quantum gravity
In this paper, we construct and calculate a non-perturbative path integrals in a multiply-connected space-time. This is done by by summing over homotopy classes of paths. The topology of the space-time is defined by Einstein-Rosen bridges (ERB) forming from the entanglement of quantum foam described by virtual black holes. As these `bubbles' are entangled, they ar econnected by Plankian ERB's because of the ER=EPR conjecture. Hence the space-time will possess a large first Betti number B1. For any compact 2-surface in the space-time, the topology (in particular the homotopy) of that surface is not-trivial, due to the large number of Plankian ERB's that define homotopy though this surface. The quantisation of space-time with this topology - along with the proper choice of the 2-surfaces - is conjectured to allow anon-perturbative path integrals of quantum gravity theory over the space-time manifold.
In this paper, we construct and calculate a non-perturbative path integrals in a multiply-connected space-time. This is done by by summing over homotopy classes of paths. The topology of the space…
In this paper, we have constructed the Feynman path integral method for non-paraxial optics. This is done by using the mathematical analogy between a non-paraxial optical system and the…