Age-specific improvements in impaired fasting glucose and vitamin D status using a lifestyle intervention programme in overweight and obese Saudi subjects.
Alokail., Nasser M Al-Daghri, Hanan Alfawaz, Naji J Aljohani, Kaiser Wani , Mohammad Alharbi.Yousef Al-Saleh, Omar S Al-Attas , Majed S . 2016
The present study aimed to determine the health benefits of a 3-month lifestyle interventional programme with emphasis on lowering dietary fat content and increasing sunlight exposure in overweight and obese hyperglycemic subjects according to age. Saudi overweight and obese subjects (n=221) with fasting blood glucose between 5.6-6.9 mmol/l underwent a 3 month self-monitoring lifestyle intervention programme. Subjects were divided based on age into 3 groups: 1(12-17 yr), 2(18-45 yr) and 3 (46-70 yr).Overall, the 3 month follow up data identified significant improvement in fasting blood glucose, systolic and diastolic blood pressure and vitamin D levels as compared to baseline values (P values 2.2×10⁻⁴, 8.6×10⁻⁴, 0.001 and 7.6×10⁻⁵ respectively). Analysis by age groups determined significant improvement in fasting blood glucose in both group 1(P=0.003) and 2(P=0.035); systolic and diastolic blood pressure also reduced significantly in group 1(P=0.029 and 0.006) and group 2 (P=0.001 and 0.006) respectively. Group 2 also showed a significant increase in vitamin D levels (P=3.6×10⁻⁶) whilst group 3 appeared to only reduce their BMI significantly (P=0.008). Analysis within groups revealed 27.3%, 25% and 17.6% of group 1, 2 and 3 were able to improve their fasting blood glucose levels. In conclusion, a 3 month intervention in lifestyle can lead to improved fasting blood glucose and vitamin D status in younger people whilst older people only appear to substantially improve their BMI. As such, these studies highlight that intervention in the young could provide benefits for long-term health whilst these benefits would appear to be reduced with age.
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