Qualitative Analysis and Plasma Characteristics of Soil from a Desert Area using LIBS Technique
Farooq, W Aslam . 2013
In this work, laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is used to investigate soil samples collected
from different desert areas of Riyadh city in Saudi Arabia. Both qualitative analysis and plasma parameters
are studied via the observed LIBS spectra. These experiments have been done using a Spectrolaser-7000
system with 50 mJ fundamental wavelength of Nd:YAG laser and detection delay time of 1 microsecond.
Many spectral lines are highly resolved for many elements like Al, Fe, Mg, Si, Mn, Na, Ca and K. The
electron temperatures Te and electron densities Ne, for the constituent of generated LIBS plasma, are
determined for all the collected samples. It is found that both Te and Ne vary from one desert area to
other. This variation is due to the change of the elemental concentration in different desert areas that affects
the sample’s matrices. Time dependent measurements have also been performed on the soil samples. While
the signal-to-base ratio (SBR) reached its optimal value at 1 microsecond, the plasma parameters Ne and
Te reach values of 4×1017cm-3
and 9235 K, respectively, at 2.5 microsecond. The later indicate that the
plasma cooling processes are slow in comparison to the previously observed results for metallic samples.
The observed results show also that in the future it is possible to enhance the exploitation of LIBS in
the remote on-line environmental monitoring application, by following up only the values of Ne and Te
for one element of the soil desert sample using an optical fiber probe
In this work, laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is used to investigate soil samples collected
from different desert areas of Riyadh city in Saudi Arabia. Both qualitative analysis…
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