Antiapoptotic and anticoagulant effects of camel milk and camel urine in methotrexate-induced hepatotoxicity,
ABSTRACT
Methotrexate (MTX) is widely used chemotherapeutic and immune suppressant agent. Hepatotoxicity is
a common side effect of chronic MTX therapy. This study investigated the hepatoprotective properties
of camel milk (CM) and camel urine (CU) in hepatotoxicity induced by intraperitoneal injection of MTX
20 mg/kg. The MTX-intoxicated animals showed elevated serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate
aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, fasting blood glucose (FBG), liver DNA fragmentation marker
(DFF-40), and serum and liver cytokeratin (CK-18), decreased serum proteins, albumin, fibrinogen, and
total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Decreased antithrombin (AT) was associated with prolonged prothrombin
time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT). Treatment with CM and CU for four
weeks decreased the liver enzymes, FBG, DFF-40, and CK-18 levels and increased total proteins, albumin,
fibrinogen, and TAC. However, the changes in AT, PT, and APTT persisted. CM and CU showed promising
abilities to counteract MTX hepatotoxicity and they exerted cytoprotective, antiapoptotic, antioxidative,
antihyperglycemic, and antithrombotic effects.
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Methotrexate (MTX) is widely used chemotherapeutic and immune suppressant agent. Hepatotoxicity is
a common side effect of chronic MTX therapy. This study investigated the…
Camel milk (CM) has a unique composition rich in antioxidants, trace elements, immunoglobulins, insulin, and insulin-like
proteins. Treatment by CM demonstrated protective effects against…