Investigating the effect of resveratrol on apoptosis and regulation of gene expression of Caco-2 cells: Unravelling potential implications for colorectal cancer treatment
Colorectal cancer is known for its substantial
impact on global morbidity and mortality, with higher prevalence
in developed regions. This study delves into the
potential treatment advantages of resveratrol (RSV) in
addressing colorectal cancer. Apoptosis and gene expression
associated with apoptotic factors were explored using
Caco-2 cells, a pertinent model for colorectal adenocarcinoma.
The effect of RSV on Caco-2 cell viability was investigated
using MTT assay and neutral red uptake assay. The
level of generated ROS was high in cells exposed to RSV.
Likewise, the enzyme superoxide dismutase, responsible
for converting ROS into hydrogen peroxide, was concurrently
elevated. The effect of RSV on DNA damage was
examined through the TUNEL assay. The gene expression
analyses for pro-apoptotic elements were studied using
qRT-PCR. Furthermore, the impact of RSV on the migration
of Caco-2 cells was conducted through a wound-healing
assay. Our results reveal RSV’s cytotoxicity on Caco-2 cells,
showing dose-dependent inhibition of viability, indicating
its promise as a treatment agent. The induction of cell
death by apoptosis is substantiated by DNA damage.
Notably, the upregulated expression of caspase-3, Bax,
and p53 genes suggests RSV’s potential to modulate key
apoptosis-related elements. In addition, RSV displayed an
inhibitory effect on cellular migration, a significant (p <
0.05 and p < 0.01) in cancer metastasis. These findings
underscore RSV’s potential to be a multifaceted therapeutic
agent targeting apoptosis and metastatic processes
in colorectal cancer.
Keywords: colorectal cancer, Caco-2, resveratrol, apoptosis,
antioxidants
Colorectal cancer is known for its substantial
impact on global morbidity and mortality, with higher prevalence
in developed regions. This study delves into the
potential…