Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment for Wastewater Reuse in Irrigation and Survey Public Attitude towards Wastewater Reuses in Saudi Arabia
Alataway, Abed . 2010
Introduction/Problem Identification
Many parts of the world face shortage of fresh water. Saudi Arabia (SA) is no exception. Most of
the SA is arid and freshwater resources are limited. The annual rainfall is less than 150 mm in most
parts of the country. The national water balance estimated for 2010 indicates that demand will be
approximately 18 billion m³. Only 4 billion m³ will be available from natural and other renewable
resources. More than 80% of water consumed is in the agricultural sector. Therefore, wastewater reuse
(WWR) for irrigated practices, contributes as a means of integrated water resources management and
also in order to cope with unforeseen future critical conditions that might affect food production. The
WWR in agriculture is receiving increased attention in SA due to the scarcity of fresh water. However,
wastewater generally contains high levels of microorganisms, which may have adverse health effects
on farmers and consumers in addition to public perception of risk associated with the WWR
في العصور الجيولوجية السحيقة كانت شبه الجزيرة العربية منطقة عامرة بالغابات وبالمياه وتعيش فيها اعداد كبيرة من الحيوانات المتوحشة وقد حدث العديد من التقلبات المناخية على…
Introduction/Problem Identification
Many parts of the world face shortage of fresh water. Saudi Arabia (SA) is no exception. Most of
the SA is arid and freshwater resources…
Introduction/Problem Identification
Many parts of the world face shortage of fresh water. Saudi Arabia (SA) is no exception. Most of
the SA is arid and freshwater resources…