he association between iron and vitamin D status in Arab adolescents
Both vitamin D and Fe micronutrient deficiencies are common in Saudi Arabia but the association between them is unclear. The present study aimed to determine whether Fe indices are associated with vitamin D status and other metabolic markers in Arab adolescents. Design: Single-centre, cross-sectional study gathering anthropometrics, glucose and lipid profile. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), Fe, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin saturation (%) and other parameters were measured. Setting: Vitamin D School Project Database, King Saud University (2014-2016). Participants: Arab adolescents aged 10-17 years randomly selected from the Vitamin D School Project Database (170 Saudi students; 100 girls, seventy boys). Results: Among Fe indices, only TIBC was found to be significantly and inversely associated with 25(OH)D (r = -0 center dot 20; P < 0 center dot 01) and only in girls (r = -0 center dot 20; P < 0 center dot 05). Among cardiometabolic parameters, serum Fe was associated with TAG in boys (r = 0 center dot 36; P < 0 center dot 01) and inversely associated with HDL-cholesterol in girls (r = -0 center dot 29; P < 0 center dot 05). Age was the most significant predictor of serum Fe for all participants, accounting for 5 % (R-2 = 0 center dot 05; P = 0 center dot 004) of variance perceived. Serum 25(OH)D and age, on the other hand, were the most significant predictors for TIBC, accounting for 10 center dot 1 % (R-2 = 0 center dot 10; P < 0 center dot 001) of variance perceived. Conclusions: Among healthy Arab adolescents, the association between vitamin D and Fe indices, particularly TIBC, is modest, inverse and sex-dependent. Larger studies with inclusion of markers such as hepcidin and ferritin, vitamin D metabolites and endogenous sex hormones may provide a clearer view of this complex association.
Abstract
Objectives: To assess circulating fetuin A and fetuin B levels in participants with and without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) and to find out their correlations with other…