Microbiological investigation study for Apis mellifera yemenitica and Apis mellifera carnica bee venoms on selected bacterial strains
Bees are one of the ancient and the most social insects worldwide. They are of great economic and medical importance.
Bee venom (BV) has many therapeutic efects and has been used since ancient times for the treatment of many diseases.
The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the antibacterial efect of BV from two diferent bee subspecies Apis mellifera yemenitica (A. m. yemenitica) (indigenous strain) and Apis mellifera carnica (A. m. carnica) (carniolan strain) against
selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Experimentally, venoms were extracted using an electrical venom collector from honey bee colonies of the subspecies, A. m. yemenitica and A. m. carnica, in Hail, Saudi Arabia. Each venom
was tested against selected medically important Gram-negative strains, Salmonella Typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa,
and Escherichia coli, while Staphylococcus aureus was selected as Gram-positive test organism. The minimum inhibitory
concentration (MIC) method was used to compare the efect of BV from the two subspecies on the growth of the selected
bacterial strains. Results showed that BV from both subspecies could equally inhibit the growth of Salmonella Typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli at an MIC of 10 mg/ml. However, S. aureus was inhibited by an MIC
of 5 and 10 mg/ml of BV from A. m. carnica and A. m. yemenitica, respectively. This suggested that the BV of the carnica
subspecie was more inhibitory to this Gram-positive pathogen than its counterpart produced by the yemenitica subspecies.
The present study shows that bee venom has a promising antibacterial efect.
Aedes aegypti (Culicidae), the mosquito that causes yellow fever, is regarded as a significant vector for
many disease agents. The current study sought to learn more about mosquito mid-gut…