ME 485 Fluid-machinery

King Saud University
College of Engineering
Mechanical Engineering Department
 
ME-485 Fluid-machinery
Detailed Course Syllabus
 
Introduction

• Definition and classification of turbo-machinery (and fluid-machinery) according to various criteria.
• Major types of turbomachinery.
• Similarity relations

Review of relevant background

• Basic assumptions.
• Continuity equation, linear and angular momentum theorems.
• First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics.
• Bernoulli equation for incompressible flow.
• The stagnation state for incompressible and compressible flows.
• Ideal gas relations

Dimensional analysis for a pump

• Flow coefficient, head coefficient, power coefficient, efficiency, similar points, specific speed and specific diameter, Cordier curve.
• Characteristic curves for pumps, System or load (pipeline) curve, operating point.
• Operation at different speeds.
• Operation of more than one pump in parallel and series.

Isentropic efficiency definitions

• For nozzles and diffusers (stators).
• For hydraulic turbines and pumps.
• For thermal turbines and compressors.

- Total/total versus total/static efficiency of a thermal turbine.
- Polytropic efficiency of thermal turbines and compressors.
Work transfer in a turbomachine: Euler equation of turbomachinery

• Derivation of Euler equation and an alternative form.
• Merging with the First Law of Thermodynamics: The Rothalpy equation and the Bernoulli equation.

Detailed study of specific turbomachines types
The Pelton wheel

• Description
• Detailed performance analysis.

Centrifugal pumps and fans

• Components
• Velocity triangles, slip factor
• Theoretical head, actual head and hydraulic efficiency.
• Various losses, overall efficiency.

Centrifugal compressors

• Inlet and outlet velocity triangles.
• The h-s diagram of the compression process.
• Total/total pressure ratio.
• Maximum Mach numbers in the rotor and stator (diffuser).

Axial-flow gas turbines

• Description and definition of a stage.
• Definition of performance parameters: Flow coefficient f, stage loading coefficient ψ, stage reaction °R, enthalpy loss factors λS and λR, total/total and total/static stage efficiencies ηtt and ηts.
• Performance analysis (direct problem): Derivation of relationships for ψ, °R, ηtt and ηts.
• Indirect (or design) problem: Derivation of relationships for flow angles for specified f, ψ and °R and sketching the stator and rotor blade rows.
• Stage pressure ratio and maximum absolute and relative Mach numbers.