A dynamic optimal control model for COVID-19 and cholera co-infection in Yemen
In this work, we propose a new dynamic mathematical model framework governed
by a system of differential equations that integrates both COVID-19 and cholera
outbreaks. The estimations of the model parameters are based on the outbreaks of
COVID-19 and cholera in Yemen from January 1, 2020 to May 30, 2020. Moreover, we
present an optimal control model for minimizing both the number of infected people
and the cost associated with each control. Four preventive measures are to be taken
to control the outbreaks: social distancing, lockdown, the number of tests, and the
number of chlorine water tablets (CWTs). Under the current conditions and resources
available in Yemen, various policies are simulated to evaluate the optimal policy. The
results obtained confirm that the policy of providing resources for the distribution of
CWTs, providing sufficient resources for testing with an average social distancing, and
quarantining of infected individuals has significant effects on flattening the epidemic
curves.
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