Assessment of Mineral Content of Various Bottled Water Marketed in Saudi Arabia.( in press).
(2011), Alomran,A.M, and Alasmari,Z . 2012
Fifty-two brands of domestic bottled water were collected during the first quarter of the year 2011 from the supermarkets and food stores in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. The collected water was evaluated for their mineral content, and the results were compared with the mineral content label on each bottle and/or with drinking water standards of either Saudi Arabia or the WHO. The evaluation included pH, TDS, soluble Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, NO3 -, Cl-, SO4 2- as well as the concentrations of As, B, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Sr, Ti, V, Zn, and BrO3-. The obtained results indicated that except NO3 -, F and BrO3 the concentrations of TDS, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, NO3 -, Cl-, SO4 2- and trace elements of most collected water agree well with the permissible limits set either by WHO or Saudi Arabian standards but with some variation for some major values. The result indicated the determined values of pH values agree with the reported label values. On the other hand, results of BrO3 indicate that more than 18% of the total collected bottled water exceeded the allowable limits of Bromate (10 µg/L) according to Saudi Arabia Standards and WHO. Furthermore, a comparison of the analytical results with the mineral content labeled in each bottle revealed a substantial variation in the parameter values and that the reported label values of most parameters do not reflect the real content of the bottles.
Heavy metals transport to groundwater relies on the characteristics of soil, such as carbonate and clay minerals, organic matter content, soil pH, and some other factors. Most of the heavy metals…
Layered double hydroxides (Mg/Fe-LDH) and their composites along with date palm waste–derived biochar (Mg/Fe-LDH-BC) were synthesized, and their efciency towards the removal of chromium (Cr(VI))…
Water management and irrigation conservation in calcareous sandy soil are of significant
importance for sustaining agricultural production, especially in arid and semi-arid region that…