Emergence of mutagenic/carcinogenic heterocyclic amines in traditional Saudi chicken dishes prepared from local restaurants
Azam, Ibrahim Hotan Alsohaimi, Mohammad Rizwan Khan, Hazim Mohammed Ali, Mohammad . 2019
In the current investigation, five most potential HAs (MeIQx, 4,8-DiMeIQx, IQ, MeIQ and PhIP) were analyzed in
traditional Saudi chicken dishes (shawaya, Ala Al-Faham, kebab, saleeg, mandi, kabsa and madhbi) prepared
from local restaurants. The aims of the present study were to identify the presence of HAs in cooked chicken
dishes, and to conclude how the levels and types of HAs could be affected by cooking methods and food ingredients.
In control samples, HAs were found at higher levels ranged from not quantified to 33.72 ng/g.
Nonetheless, in chicken dishes, the HAs (MeIQx, 4,8-DiMeIQx and PhIP) amounts are varied at higher range and
relatively detected at lower levels from not quantified to 16.35 ng/g, IQ and MeIQ were not identified in any of
the studied chicken dishes except shawaya where found to be not quantified. The HAs reduction rates were
obtained at higher values in all of the studied samples, among them mandi sample demonstrates the reduction
rates higher than 70%, whereas saleeg sample shows the reduction rates almost 100% except PhIP (~95%). The
obtained outcomes have markedly showed that HAs occurrence in thermally processed chicken dishes is extremely
affected from both cooking methods and addition of food ingredients.
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