AmeliorativeEffectsof Salvia hispanica Seeds AgainstZinc Oxide NanoparticlesToxicityInducingHemato-Biochemical Variables, Immune-OxidativeStress,andDNADamagein Oreochromisniloticus
biochemistry; chiaseeds;DNAfragmentation;Niletilapia;zincoxidenanoparticles
The currentstudyisanewapproachforinvestigatingtheameliorativeeffectsofchiaseedspowder(CSP)(Salvia hispanica) against
haemato-biochemical dysfunction,oxidativestress,andDNAdamageinducedbyzincoxidenanoparticles(ZnONPs)in Oreochromis
niloticus. Four fish groupswereallocatedintriplicatesasfollows:groupI-control,groupII-treatedwith10g/kgdietCSP,
group III-exposedto1/20LC50 of ZnONPs,andgroupIV-exposedto1/20LC50 of ZnONPs+10 gCSP/kgdietfor30days.Blood,
liver, andkidneytissuesampleswerecollectedattheendoftheexperimentforhaemato-biochemical,oxidativestressbiomarkers,
and DNAdamageevaluations.ResultsrevealedthatCSPadministrationsignificantly amelioratedtheZnONPstoxiceffect.Where,
CSP effectivelyincreasedWBCs,andserumtotalproteins,albumin,globulin,andimmuneparameters(IgG,IGM,andlysozyme
[LYZ] activity),whichweredecreasedafterexposuretoZnONPstoxicity.InadditiontotheprominentabilityofCSPtodecrease
the elevatedlevelsofstressindicators(glucoseandcortisol),liverenzymes(aspartateaminotransferase[AST]andalanine
aminotransferase [ALT]),kidneyproducts(creatinineandurea),catalase(CAT),superoxidedismutase(SOD),andhepato–renal
lipid peroxidation(LPO)ofNiletilapiaexposedtoZnONPs.Furthermore,CSPsustainedtheactivityofthereducedglutathione
(GSH), totalantioxidantcapacity(TAC),andWBCs,Hb,andHtcontentweresignificantly declinedinZnONPs-exposed
O. niloticus compared tothecontrolgroup.Meanwhile,administrationof10gCSP/kgdietrestoredthehemato-biochemical
profile andreducedoxidativedamageinducedbyZnONPstoxicityastheWBCsandhepaticDNAdamageweresignificantly
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