Physiological and Biochemical Response of Alternanthera bettzickiana (Regel) G. Nicholson under Acetic Acid Assisted Phytoextraction of Lead
U., Latif, . 2020
Heavy metals (HMs) stress causes severe damage to physiology and biochemistry of plant
species leading to stunted growth and low yield. Phytoremediation via phytoextraction, a viable
low-cost and environment-friendly alternative to other techniques that are often too expensive,
impractical and hazardous. However, phytoextraction potential, physiological and biochemical
response of various plant species against HMs stress is not fully understood. Among other HMs,
lead (Pb) is an inorganic pollutant with deleterious biotic e ects. Bioavailability and mobility of the
Pb can be enhanced by addition of organic acids. A pot scale experiment was done to assess the
e ects of Pb on Alternanthera bettzickiana (Regel) G. Nicholson and its ability to accumulate Pb with or
without acetic acid (AA). The Results showed that Pb caused significant damage in A. bettzickiana,
and its ecotoxicity was evident from increased levels of lipid peroxidation up to 107% under Pb stress.
The significant decrease in plant height (32%), root length (21%), leaf area (38%) and number of leaves
per plant (46%) was observed. On the other hand, application of AA to Pb stressed plants reduced
the oxidative damage by further enhancing the activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalases
(CAT) up to 16% and 21% respectively. Moreover, addition of AA significantly improved plant total
chlorophylls (15%) and carotenoids (50%). The application of AA also promoted Pb accumulation in
leaf, stem and roots up to 70%, 65% and 66% respectively. This research concluded that AA has the
ability to enhance the phytoextraction of Pb and support the plant growth and physiology under Pb
stress condition
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